Until the Partition of 1947, this area was part of the Diocese of Lahore, looked after by the Capuchin missionaries of the Belgian Province. On January 17, 1952, the Apostolic Prefecture of Jalandhar was created by the Apostolic Constitution “Inter Ceteras Curas” of Pope Pius XII. It was entrusted to the British Province of the Capuchins, and Msgr. Francis Alban Swarbrick OFM Cap., was made the Prefect.

Pope Paul VI raised the Prefecture of Jullundur to the status of Diocese on December 6, 1971, by the Apostolic Bull, “Ad Perpetuam Rei Memoriam”, and Rt. Rev. Symphorian Keeprath OFM Cap., was appointed its first Bishop.

Pope Benedict XVI appointed Rt. Rev. Dr. Anil Joseph Thomas Couto as successor on Feb. 24, 2007 and he was installed on April 15, 2007 as Bishop of Jullundur. He was transferred to Delhi as Archbishop on November 30, 2012 and continued as Apostolic Administrator till the appointment of Rt. Rev. Dr. Franco Mulakkal as the Bishop of Jalandhar on June 13, 2013 by Pope Francis. His installation took place on August 4, 2013 at the Trinity College grounds, Jalandhar.

On his request Bp. Franco Mulakkal was relieved from the Administration of the Diocese and Bp. Agnelo Rufino Gracias, the Emeritus Auxiliary Bishop of Bombay was appointed as the Apostolic Administrator of the Diocese of Jalandhar, sede plena et ad nutum Sanctae Sedis with effect on September 20, 2018. He took the charge as the Apostolic Administrator on October 8, 2018.

On June 01, 2023, Pope Francis accepted the resignation of Bishop Franco Mulakkal as the Bishop of Jullundur and Appointed Bp. Agnelo Rufino Gracias, the Emeritus Auxiliary Bishop of Bombay and presently the the Apostolic Administrator of the Diocese of Jalandhar, sede plena et ad nutum Sanctae Sedis as the Apostolic Administrator of the Diocese of Jalandhar, sede plena et ad nutum Sanctae vacante.